Ingabe isikhombisi sokuchitha amakhwela sikhulu kuyakho?

Ukujwayelela Ukuthi Imishini Yokuchitha Amakhonza Yenza Yini

Imishini yokuchitha amakhonza ayisifunda akukho isibankisi semansi emhlophe. Yilokhu kuyisistimu yokuguqula isikhati esihlukene okubhekisele ekutheni kwamakhonza okwakwenziwe ngokuphuma kweminyanya kusukela ku-35°C kuze kufikelela ekutheni olusekuvalekeni okuhlanganisa ukuthi kungaphezulu kwe-4°C ngomkhathi owodwa. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemansi emhlophe noma wamanzi, nokugcinwa kokuphakamisa kwesikhathi sokuhlala. Kwisikhathi sokuchitha ngokufaka, ukudlula kwamanzi ngokuphindaphinda kusinika ukuthi amanzi amhlophe kakhulu nokucacileyo aqondiswe ngamakhonza ngalendlela apho aya kuzofika kumlandezelo, ngakho amanzi amnandi kakhulu nokuncane kakhulu aya kusuka endaweni yokufaka. Lokhu kufundwa ngokuthi yilokhu okuphindaphinda, okuyinto okuyenza umshini wokuchitha othengiswe ngokuphelele ukuba yilithi lokusebenza ngokwesigaba sokulima izinkomo kodwa akuyi thina yokuchitha kuphela.

Ezimisweni zokupholisa umoya, umoya obandayo ugeleza ngomhubhe noma igumbi, upholisa izidumbu ngokuxhuma nokushisa komoya okubangelwa ukuhwamuka. Ayikho indlela engcono kunenye. Ukupholisa ngokucwiliswa emanzini ngokuvamile kupholisa ngokushesha futhi kunikeza isisindo somkhiqizo ophelile esiphakeme kancane ngenxa yokutholwa kwamanzi, okuyimikhawulo eqinile yemithetho kumaphesenti athile wesisindo sesidumbu. Ukupholisa umoya kugwema ukufakwa kwamanzi, kukhiqize isikhumba esomile esithandwa ezinye izimakethe eziphambili, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kudla indawo eningi phansi yenyoni ngayinye. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike ekucacisweni komkhiqizo, okulindelwe amakhasimende, kanye nezingqinamba zokwakheka kwesitshalo.

Izimpawu Zokuthi Indlela Oqala Ngayo Ukupholisa Iyakubambezela

Amathuluzi amaningi okuprosesha, ikakhulu amadala, achiliza izilwane ngemithambo yomfula wokuchiliza okungafihliwe noma emaphakathi okuchiliza okungafihliwe okwakhiwe kubukhulu obukhulu kwezinye zokuthengiswa kwabo. Izinkomba ezibonisa ukuthi isistimu yokuchiliza ingabizwa noma ingasewo kukhona ukuthi izikhumba zokuchiliza zingaba phansi kwesikhathi esingama-60 emuva kokuvula kokuchiliza, izinombolo ezingaphezulu zebakteria kumazwi okunqolobana kwenhloko okuthunyiselwe ekupheleni kokuchiliza, nokubonwa kokugcina komfula okwenza ukuthi kufakwe amaphakathi amaningi.

Indikatho elinye kukhanda lokusebenza. Uma umuntu osebenzayo kufanele akwamele amathanki ngokuphakanyiswa, akhulise amabasketi phakathi kwamaphansi, noma akhangase amandla okukhula ngokuphakanyiswa, isikhulu sisebenza ngokungafanele futhi sibonisa ukungabi nesiqinisekiso. Isikhulu sokuchitha ngokuphakanyiswa ngokuzimisayo noma isikhulu sokuchitha ngokuphakanyiswa ngokuhambisana nesikhathi esifanayo sikhuluma lezi zinhlobo zokusebenza, sishintsha iziphakade zokusebenzisa abantu ngokuphakanyiswa ngokuzimisayo. Kusikhulu sokuphatha amabhalu amashumi ayisihlanu ngosuku, ukubuyisela amahora okusebenzisa abantu ekuchitheni ngokuphakanyiswa kungakhokha isikhundu esikhulu sesicelo sokuthenga isikhulu, ngaphambi kokubona ukuthi kusha kwezinkokhelo nezindawo zokugcina.

Ukuphatha Amanzi nokuthi kuyakwenza yini kumkhiqizo

Amanzi kwe-chiller yokuqhubeka ngokufaka akuyi-kuhlela kuphela. Kuyi-bath eyisibonelo esifanayo esingakwazi ukuthintela umkhakha uma akubekiwa ngokuphelele. Ingxenye yamanzi engeyona, okukholekile kusuka kumililita engu-1 ku-2 ngokwenza isithunzi, isebenzisa ukubuyela amanzi okuhamba kwesikhati nokuhlula ubungo bokugcina ne-bacteria. Imithetho eminingi ibhekisele ukuthi kumele kubekwe ingxenye yamanzi entsha engeyona ekupheleni kokusebenza, futhi lokhu akuyi-inzuzo. Kuyi-parameter eyasendulo yamandla yokuvikela ukuthi izinombolo zama-bacteria nezinombolo zezinto ezinokuthintela umkhakha zibe phakathi kwezinhlobo zokuphepha.

Ukubheka izinombolo eziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu zezikhenkcezisi kwenza umehluko ucace. Ithangi lamanzi aqandisiwe alisebenzisi amanzi angcolile, lisebenzisa cishe amalitha angu-0.5 kuya kwangu-1.0 amanzi amasha ngesidumbu ngasinye. Ngokuvamile, wehlisa izinga lokushisa endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-6 no-10 degrees Celsius, futhi amanzi ayamunca angaba amaphesenti amabili kuya kwamane. Ukulawulwa kwamagciwane kuxhomeke cishe ngokuphelele ekulahleni amaqoqo kaningi, okuchitha amanzi futhi kuphazamise ukukhiqizwa. Ngokuphambene, uhlelo lokucwilisa olungapheli olunokugeleza okuphambene, ludla amalitha angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-2.5 amanzi amasha ngenyoni ngayinye, kodwa lufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lokuphuma elingama-degree Celsius angu-2 kuya kwangu-4. Ukufakwa kwamanzi kuphakeme ngamaphesenti angu-4 kuya kwangu-8, okuyinani elivinjelwe ngokuqinile imithetho. Ukuhlanzeka kugcinwa ngokuhlanjululwa okuqhubekayo nangokudonswa kwe-chlorine noma i-peracetic acid, egcina inani lama-aerobic plate liphansi ngesikhathi sokugijima isikhathi eside. Umhubhe opholile awusebenzisi amanzi okucubungula, ngakho awuthathi amanzi. Izinga lokushisa endaweni yokuphuma ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-3 no-5°C. Indawo eyomile iqeda ukuxhumana okuphakathi kwamanzi, okuyinzuzo eyinhloko yokulawula amagciwane yokuthambisa umoya. Indlela ngayinye inendlela yayo yokuhlanzeka, inzuzo nezindleko, futhi ayikho exazulula zonke izinkinga iyodwa.

Isibonelo Sasezinsukwini: Ukuguqula Indawo Yokuchitha Emva Kokugcina Emaphulamini Ezingaphakathi Kwesikhumba

Indawo yokuprosesa amasikhumba emaphulamini kwaNtshona eChina yayisebenzisa izinkampani ezintathu zokuchitha emva kokugcina zokugcina ngokuvuliwe, ngisho noma yiliphi ikampani liyagcina amasikhumba angama-100 ngalinye. Ngakumbi ukuthi indawo yayigcina ama-800 kuze kube ama-2000 amasikhumba ngosuku, ukuchitha kwakuyisiphelo sokugcina. Izinh nhiệti zokugcina zayabahlukeni, ziyagcina kusukela ku-3 kuze kube ku-8°C. Indawo yayihlukanisa futhi izibhizinisi zokubhizinisa ngokuphathelene nokugcina kwezindawo zokuzimela, ngoba abasebenzi bayagcina amasikhumba emaphulamini ngemvume yezinto zokuchitha okungafanele, ngokuthi bayazicela ukuthi bakhangele amasikhumba emaphulamini ngokuphakeme.

Isixazululo sasiwukuthi kube nesipholisi esihlala njalo esifakwa isikulufa esihlanganiswe nesipholisi esijikeleza umoya ngemva kokupholisa. Ukushisa kwamanzi kwagcinwa ku-0-5 kuya ku-1°C kusetshenziswa i-glycol chiller yangaphandle. Isivinini sesikulufa sahlolwa ukuze sivumele isikhathi sokuhlala semizuzu engu-32 sesidumbu sebhungane esingu-2.5 kg. Phakathi namasonto amabili sekuqalile ukusebenza, amazinga okushisa angaphakathi azinzile ku-1-5 kuya ku-2°C kuzo zonke izinyoni ezazithathwe izibonelo. Ukufakwa kwamanzi kwehla kwaba ngaphakathi komkhawulo osemthethweni, futhi inani eliphelele lamacwecwe esikhumba senqulu ngemva kokuphola lehla ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa uma liqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sesistimu yeqoqo. Lesi sitshalo sabuye sakhulula indawo engamamitha-skwele ayishumi nesithupha eyayihlala ithangi lesithathu, elalisetshenziselwa ukwandisa indawo yokusika, inzuzo eyengeziwe eyayicashwa ukubandisa ngeqoqo.

Lapho Umshini Wokuqandisa Izinkukhu Ungase Ungeyona Impendulo

Nakuba kunezinkambo zokuthuthukisa, umshini wokuchitha okugcwele akuyiyo inkulumo eyodwa yezindawo zonke. Umsebenzi omncane kakhulu owenza amabhirdi angaphezu kwezintathu ezinye ngusuku kungabona ukuthi isistimu yomshini wokuchitha wesitatici yomthwalo wamaphetha, esihlanganiswe nokuhanjiswa kwayo kumagumbi okuchitha okusha kusasa, kuyabika iziphumo ezinamandla kuhlukahlukene kwezimali yokubuyisa. Indawo engeyona kuphela iyathumela umthelela wokuvula, lapho inyama ibuyela ngqo emkhalweni wokuvula ngemvulo yasikhathi esingaphezu kwezihlanu ngusuku, inebanga elincane kakhulu yokuchitha kunaleyo indawo engeyona izibhokisi zokuthengiswa zokuvula ezingenayo, ozifuna ukuthi zibe ne-14 days shelf-life target.

Amasite okusebenza ongakwazi ukufinyelela kumnqubomgco wamanzi amahle angaphezulu kakhulu, futhi kungaba yinkululeko yokusebenza kwe-chiller yokuqhubeka ngokwesifunda sokusebenza. Kule ndlela, isistimu yesi-cha ya-cha noma isikhundla esisodwa ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-chiller yokuqala ngokuvamile, emva kwalokho isikhundla sesi-cha ya-cha singaba yindlela engeyona yezinye. Isinsiso sibhekene nezinkinga zokugcina izinto ezinamandla, izinkinga zokuhlanzekela, nokuhlaka kwemithombo, akukho kuchaza ukuthi kufanele uchiller lichazwe ngoba umshiyeli wakho unazo.

Ukuzimisa Kwemithombo Yokusebenza Okuyinhloko Yokuqhubeka Kwesikhundla Sesichaza

Umshini wokupholisa izinkukhu umele izindleko ezinkulu zemali, futhi ukuphila kwawo kufanele kuthathe okungenani iminyaka eyishumi ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhiqiza zansuku zonke. Umehluko phakathi kwesipholisi esihamba kahle iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu nesipholisa esiba nama-welds acwilisa, ama-auger agxilile, nama-bearings aphumile ngonyaka wesithathu ngokuvamile uvela ezicini eziqondile zezinto ezibonakalayo nasekuqondeni ukukhiqiza. Zonke izindawo ezixhumana nomkhiqizo kufanele zibe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304 enokuqukethwe kwe-nickel okuqinisekisiwe ukuze zimelane nenhlanganisela yokugqwala yamanzi acatshangelwe, ama-organic acid, kanye nokuqhekeka okuqhubekayo kwemishini okuvela ekuhambeni kwesidumbu. UStantham, njengomkhiqizi oqondile, uhlola izinto ezifakwayo nge-SPECTRO analyzer ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ishidi ngalinye le-stainless lihlangabezana naleyo nqubo ngaphambi kokuba lingene esitolo sokukhiqiza. Ukuze i-chiller isebenze amahora angu-16 ngosuku endaweni emanzi nebandayo, lelo zinga lokulondeka kwezinto ezibonakalayo aliyona into yokunethezeka, liyisisekelo sokuphepha kokudla nesikhathi sokusebenza.