Kungani ubuninzi bewa okuhle bakho kubalulekile ukuthi ukuhlanganisa izinkuku kubalulekile kuma-abattoir wamakhwela?

Isikhathi Sokuthakatha: Isibonelo Esifanekile Phakathi Kwesikhathi Sokukhula Ne-Integrity Yomkhono

Ukukhwehla kuyisikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwentshiso ne-ukuphuma kwamafutha emnyama yomkhosi. Amakhwekhwe aphinda ngemboni yamazwi amahlanu, futhi umthelela wawo ukuvulula izihlangozelo zemafutha ngokuthi akhululeka izinhlobo zemiphefumulo yemafutha nemithi yokuqondisa okwesikhundla. Isilinganisi sezimoya nesikhathi sokubhalwa kuyisikhundla esincane sokusebenza. Uma kuncane kakhulu umthelela, amafutha ayikwazi ukuphuma, okuzokwenza umphuma akhale kakhulu, akhulule amafutha amaningi, futhi akhumelela amafutha amancane okufuneka ukwenza okunye ngendlela yokusebenza ngohand. Uma kude kakhulu umthelela, iskin ikhala, ibuyela isikhundla sakho esingaphansi, futhi ibecala njengomthwalo ophansi okungakwazi ukusobala, okuhlela ukugcina kwekhaya nokuvula izindlela zokubhaka kwezinkumbi zemibhakabhaka.

Kwinkomo ephakanyiswa ngokushesha okuphansi ekuthengeni lwesikhathi sokuthengisa, isikhati sezulu kusuka ku-51 ku-56° C, nasezinsizini zokuhlala kuzo kusuka ku-90 ku-120 sekondi. Ukuphakanya ngokushesha okuphelele, okusetshenziselwa kwezilwane zezulu noma inkomo esetshenziselwa kumsebenzi wokugcina olandelayo apho ukubona kweskin ayikho nokuthi kubhekiswe kakhulu, kuyabeka isikhati kusuka ku-60 ku-65° C. Okukhethwa akuyiyo yinto engavamile. Kuyasho isibonelo sokukhetha phakathi kokuphakanyiswa kahle kanye nokubona kwesikhathi sokugcina, okukhetha okungabonakala ngokusho lwezindaba zokugcina zonke ezinye izindawo zokuphakanyiswa.

Ukuvulwa Kweproteini Ngendlela Yekhanda

Amaprotheni abalulekile ahilelekile yizicubu ezibushelelezi ezilawula ukwakheka kwezinsiba, kanye nezintambo ze-collagen eziqinisa i-follicle esikhumbeni. I-collagen iqala ukuwohloka futhi inciphe cishe kuma-degree Celsius angu-55 esikhumbeni sezinkukhu. Njengoba iqhubeka incibilika, ukubamba kwayo kuyaphela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaprotheni emisipha yezinsiba alahlekelwa isakhiwo sawo esiwusizo, akhulule insiba endaweni yayo esebenzayo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwesimo okubili kufanele kuqhubeke kuze kube seqophelweni lapho amandla omshini wokukhipha iminwe engadonsa impaphe ngokuhlanzekile ngaphandle kokudabula i-follicle noma isikhumba esizungezile.

Izinga lokushisa lokushisa alifani kuyo yonke le nyoni. Izimpaphe zesifuba nezasemhlane ziqala ukuhlangana namanzi futhi zithola ukushisa okuqhubekayo. Izimpaphe zamaphiko, ikakhulukazi izimpaphe ezinkulu ezihamba ngezindiza, zihlala emgqeni wamanzi apholile uma ukujikeleza kwamanzi kunganele. Ukwehluka kwamazinga okushisa ngisho nangama-degree amabili phakathi kwamanzi asemngceleni wethangi namanzi azungeze imiphetho yamaphiko kungenza izimpaphe zomzimba zishise ngokuphelele kuyilapho izimpaphe zamaphiko zihlala ziqinile. Ukubhekana naleyo ngqimba kuyinkinga eyinhloko yokuklama noma imuphi umshini wokushisa.

Imiphumela elinganisiwe yokwehluka kwezinga lokushisa emiphumeleni yokuvuna

Ukuhlobana phakathi kokushisa kokushisa nokusebenza kahle kokukhipha kuyalinganiswa futhi kuyaphindaphindwa. Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa imiphumela yokuhlolwa okulawulwayo okwenziwa umkhiqizi wemishini yokucubungula izinkukhu zezinkukhu ezinama-broilers anesisindo esingu-2,2 kuya ku-2,5 kilograms.

Ukuvala kwamafinga okukhupha kusebenza njenge-"hidden cost indicator". Lapha amafutha akakhululi kahle, amafinga okukhupha ayasebenza ngokwezinye, ayavalwa kahle, futhi ayadala amafutha akhohlwe okungakwazi ukufaka emagwebeni futhi ayabuyela emanjani yamandla. Isikhathi esihlukene phakathi kwezinkelini zesi-52 kuye nesizi-54 sibalancepha ukukhupha kahle kwezinkelini ngokwenyama yokubona iskin, kodwa ukufika lapho kahle kuzodingeka ukudala isikhathi ngokusebenzisa isikhathi sokudala ngokusebenzisa isithemostat, akukho isithemostat esetwe futhi asizwa.

Ukufa Kwempilo: Ukuscalda Okungasendulo Emasimini Ezingaphakathi

Ikhaya lokususa izinyoni eNingizimu Afrika lalithola ingxenye yokubuyiselwa: ubukhulu bakuphakamisa izinyoni kushintsha kakhulu ngeminyaka yokuqala yomsho wemini, kuthunywa phakathi kwesikhathi sokudla, futhi kushintsha kabusha emuva kwesikhathi sokudla. Iphaneli yokugcina iskaldha yasho ukuthi ikhona ngokuthi kuyisikhathi sesi-53, ngakho umphathi wabulawa isikhombisa sokuphakamisa izinyoni nokuthi isikhombisa sokugcina sibuyiselwa.

Ukuchaza okuphelele ngokusebenzisa isithombe esisikwele sokuqondisa umbuzo owodwa. Isitanki sokushisa sasinezililita eziyisithupa, kodwa isistimu yokushisa ayayisikwele kakhulu ukusiza kwezinkinga zokushisa kwezinkomo ezintsha ezingaphansi kokushisa emva kokugcina kwesonto. Usuku lwezinkomo kwindawo yokungena kwakwabeka ku-46° ngemizuzu eyisishiyagalombili yokuqala phambi kokuthi izikhumba zibekwe kusasa. Emnyakeni wenyanga, isistimu yokushisa esisikwele kakhulu sasibeka kakhulu njengoba isitanki sasifika ekupheleni kwakho kwezinkinga zokushisa, futhi usuku lwezinkomo kwindawo yokuphuma kwakwabeka ku-58°. Izinkomo ezenziwe kulesi sikhathi sesonto sasibonisa ubuso obubhebhe, obunye ubuso obubhekene nesikhumba esishiswe kakhulu.

Ukuthintela kubhekwe ekufakweni kwe-loop yokuphakanyisa amanzi ngaphakathi kanye nokuguqula ipampu yokuhambisa ukuze libe phansi kwesilinganiso sokugcina isikhala. Emva kokuguqulwa, isikhala kuzo zonke izindawo eziyisikhiwe kwe-scalder zazibekwe ngumhla wokuproducwa ngokuphelele ngomunye we-degree yaleyo esetshenziswa. Ukuthintela kwabafuna ukuthintela kwasobala, futhi isivinini sokugcina kusuka kwezinkinga zokugcina kwe-skin sakhula ngaphezu kwezilangano ezinsixhenxe.

Ukudibanisa Ukukhokhela Kwesikhala Kwe-Scalding Nge-Spida Yezinqubo Zonke

Ukukhokhela kwe-scalar akwazi ukwenziwa ngokwesibonelo. Isikhathi sokuhlala kusetyenziswa ngospida yezinqubo kanye nendawo yescalder. Uma isitolo sibeka ispeed yezinqubo ukuze sifikelele emandla enkulu, isikhathi sokuhlala kwe-scalder siphula. Ukuze sibeke isikhala esifanayo sokuthintela amafutha, isikhala samanzi kufanele siphakanyiswe ngeminye nezimbili degrees ngalokho okungu-10% kokuphula kwe-sikhathi sokuhlala. Kodwa lokhu kushaya inkulumo yokuqhubeka kwezinkinga zokugcina kwe-epidermis.

Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isilinganisi sezimbo lokugqibela sifundwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, akukho zimbi zokusebenzisa izinto ezingaphansi. Izinkampani zezinhloso zezindaba zihlaziyela lokhu ngokusebenzisa i-PID yokugcina amanzi okwekunene noma amanzi amahle okwekunene, futhi izindawo ezithile zemfodla ezinokuvumela ukuthi kubekhe izimbo eziningi ezizimele kusendaweni sokungena lapho izinyoni ezinomhlaba zingena, futhi izimbo ezincane kusendaweni sokuphuma lapho isikhumba sesiqondile. Lokhu kufundwa ngokwesigaba kusinika umthelelo wokuphatha okulinganayo kwenqamba ngaphandle kokuphikisana kwezimbo zokuphatha ezinamandla kanye nezinyoni zonke.

Ukubuyisela Kwemikhombo Okusindisa Ukuphatha Okulinganayo

Ukubalwa kwesikhathi sokushisa kufana kufanele kubhekwe ngokwesikhathi sokushisa kanye nendawo yokubeka kwesikhumba. Amasikhumba amanqina okukhanya okunamathiswe ngokuphepha kwenqina yokuqondisa ukusiza kakhulu ekubaleni kwesikhathi sokushisa futhi kubona isikhathi esifushane sokuhlela isikhathi sokushisa kunezikhumba ezinamathiswe ngokuphepha kwenqina yokuqondisa. Ukuzimela, ngokwesikhathi sokushisa kanye nokubuyela kwamanzi, kungabangela ukuthi kubekwe izinhlobo zokushisa ezihlukene, okungaba yindlela yokushisa okuncane emanzini ephansi kwezinye izinyathelo zokushisa kanye nezinye izinyathelo zokushisa.

Ukubaluleka kwezinto ezihlukene kwemithombo yezinto zokusebenza kuyasebenza futhi. Kuscalder, ukuchaza kwamanzi kubadala kakhulu, kubona isangu, amathi okuqondwa, namathikholi okusebenzisa. Amatanki okwakhiwe ngokusebenzisa i-stainless steel esikhundleni se-304, noma amathikholi okwakhiwe ngokusebenzisa i-SPECTRO analyzer okuyisikhundleni se-Stantham, ayizimela ukuphatha kwezinkundla zokugqibela kwezinkundla zokugqibela kahle kunamathikholi amancane. Umkhweba wokugqibela wescaleder awusizi kuphela umnini wamandla, kodwa uyakha indlela yokuhambisa izinhlanzi emsebenzini owesikhundleni sokuzimela ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyagcwalisa. Kuma-abattoir okusebenzisa izinkomo eziningi kusukela kusuka ku-10 000 ngosuku, lokhu okuncane kungabonakala kakhulu kodwa kungaba yindlela yokubonakala kokufa kwezinkomo okungakwazi ukubuyisela ngokuphepha.